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[…] the merits and circumstances of a certain cause of subtraction of tithes […]  investigated by us, George Wilmesley, Bachelor of Laws, vicar general in spirituals of the right reverend father in Christ, John, by divine permission bishop of Chester upheld by the supreme authority of the most illustrious Prince in Christ and our master, Edward the sixth, by the grace of God King of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith and on earth supreme head of the English and Irish church under Christ, and sufficiently and lawfully deputed official principal of the consistory of the same reverend father which was for some time disputed and is as yet disputed and pending undecided before us between the honest men Roger Fulbeke, Nicholas Jacson and Ellen Fulbeke farmers of the lord King of the parish church of Irton of Chester diocese the party complainant on one part, and John Sherween, Nicholas Sherween and Roland Hartley of the parish of Irton aforesaid the defendant and party complained of on the other part rightly and lawfully proceeding; the parties aforesaid appearing before us in judgement sufficiently and lawfully, the party of the said Roger, Nicholas and Ellen fervently praying that sentence is passed and that justice may be done to their party, moreover the party of the said John, Nicholas and Roland also urgently praying that sentence may be passed […] for their party.

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[…] acts, enactments, deductions, […] allegations and proofs had and done by all sides in this cause, and having reviewed and considered them with promptness and diligence, with the advice of those learned in the law with whom we have communicated in this behalf, and matters which according to law should be observed in this respect having been observed by us, we have thus thought fit to proceed to making the pronouncement of our definitive sentence or our final decree in the said cause, and we do proceed in this manner which follows;

forasmuch as we know and clearly find by the acts enacted, set forth, exhibited, propounded and likewise proved had and done by all sides in the said cause that the party of the aforesaid Roger, Nicholas and Ellen …. their claim as to the right, title and possession of the right of receiving all and singular tithes proceeding and arising in the aforesaid parish of Irton and the bounds and limits and the tithable places of the same set forth in their libel previously judicially given and offered by their party before us in the cause mentioned (the tenor of which libel follows in these words […] In the name of God, Amen: before you, the venerable

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[…] John, by divine permission lord bishop of Chester sufficiently and lawfully deputed by the authority of the most illustrious Prince in Christ and our master, Edward the sixth, by the grace of God King of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith and on earth supreme head of the English and Irish church or any other judge whomsoever competent in this regard, the party of the distinguished men Roger Fulbeke, Nicholas Jacson and Ellen Fulbeke farmers of our lord King of the parish church of Irton of Chester diocese against John Sherween, Nicholas Sherween and Roland Hartley of the parish of Irton aforesaid of the archdeaconry of Richmond of the said Chester diocese and against any other whomsoever et cetera, which certain libel as here read and inserted, we hold and wish to be held as sufficiently founded and proved, and nothing effectual on behalf of […] has been or is excepted, set forth, alleged or proved which could destroy or in any way weaken the claim of the aforesaid farmers. Therefore we, George Wilmesley, official principal abovesaid, having first called upon the name of Christ, and having God himself alone before our eyes, as by right, title and possession or quasi possession by the said Roger, Nicholas and Ellen, farmers aforesaid, of the parish church of Irton […] all and singular tithes abovesaid […] tithable places of the same, howsoever and […] arising, as well as the right

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[…] belonged and appertained to Roger, Nicholas and Ellen, farmers of the parish church of Irton, during their […] term, by right and in the name of the parish church aforesaid and so ought to have belonged and to belong and appertain, likewise we pronounce, decree and declare that John Sherween, Nicholas Sherween and Roland Hartley have subtracted these tithes set out above from the said farmers and the parish church of Irton aforesaid or have not paid them in the months, years and places libelled in this respect arising and proceeding within the parish of Irton aforesaid and belonging and appertaining to the said farmers aforesaid in the manner and form expressed and declared in the said libel, or at least have ordered and caused that they should be thus subtracted or not paid and also had and have made and approved and similarly accepted this subtraction and non-payment; and that they, John, Nicholas and Roland, and any of them, according to the rate applicable to them respectively, to the payment, supply and satisfaction of the tithes aforesaid by them and [any] of them

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[…] John Sherween in the tenth part of fifteen bushels of wheat arising in the said parish of Irton in the one thousand five hundred and forty-eighth year of our Lord which tenth part we assess at the amount or value of 2s 3d and in the tenth part of fifteen bushels of barley at the amount or value of 2s and in the tenth part of forty bushels of oats at the amount or value of 2s of money of England according to what has been proved against him and Nicholas Sherween in the tenth part of thirty five bushels of wheat arising in the said parish of Irton in the one thousand five hundred and forty-seventh and forty-eighth years of our Lord which tenth part we assess at the amount or value of 5s 3d and in the tenth part of thirty five bushels of barley in the said years at the amount or value of 4s 8d and in the tenth part of one hundred bushels of oats in the said years at the amount or value of 5s of money of England according to what has been proved against him and Roland Hartley

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[…] arising [in the said parish] of Irton which tenth part we assess at the amount of 12d halfpenny and in the tenth part of twelve bushels of barley which […] at the amount of 20d and in the tenth part of forty bushels of oats at the amount or value of 2s of money of England according to what has been proved against him to be bound by law and we pronounce, decree and declare that John Sherween, Nicholas Sherween and Roland Hartley must pay, make good and satisfy to the farmers aforesaid the aforesaid tithes subtracted or not paid by them respectively as aforesaid, if they are still in existence, otherwise the true value of those tithes as duly requested to do, having refused and refusing or at least having unduly delayed and delay; and we condemn them respectively in the said tithes, if they are still in existence, otherwise in their values aforesaid, and in the lawful costs incurred and to be incurred on the part of the aforesaid farmers in this behalf (which expenses […] shillings of money of England

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[…] and they [are] to pay to the aforesaid farmers the expenses aforesaid taxed by us as is aforesaid before the feast of the Ascension of our Lord next coming upon pain of excommunication, forthwith and henceforward which we pass and promulgate if they and each of them do not appear upon our monition, warning them peremptorily in these writings we pronounce, decree and declare them to be by this our definitive sentence or this our final decree which we pass and publish in these writings.

This sentence was read and passed by the judge aforesaid on the 13^th of April in the year 1549; being then present there John Hurmefroy and Peter Gillam, literate laymen etc.

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[Endorsement]

Sentence Filbeke against Sherween and others associated with this suit in a cause of tithes

[in pencil in a different hand]

1549 Apl 3

\2

[Produced with the permission of the Chester Diocesan Board of Finance.]

Translation copyright ©2024 P J Cox All Rights Reserved

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In the name of God, Amen: the merits and circumstances of a certain cause of defamation which was disputed for some time and is still disputed and depending undecided having been heard, seen and understood and fully investigated by us, George Wilmesley, Bachelor of Laws, by the authority of the right reverend father in Christ, George, by divine permission lord bishop of Chester to decide ecclesiastical causes within the diocese of Chester vicar general in spirituals and lawfully deputed official principal of his episcopal consistory between George Wrenhalle of the parish of Eccleston in the county of Lancaster, the party plaintiff and complainant on the one part and Lawrence Fynch of the same parish of Chester diocese and of our jurisdiction, the defendant and party complained of on the other part; rightly and lawfully proceeding the party of the aforesaid George Wrenhalle appearing before personally and through his proctor and party of the said Lawrence Fynch appearing before us through his lawfully constituted proctor; and the party of the said George Wrenhalle seeking that sentence is passed for his party and the party of the said Lawrence Fynch urgently seeking justice for his party.

The whole and entire proceedings had and done in this cause having first been examined by us and diligently considered, and matters which according to law should be observed by us having been observed, we have thus thought fit to proceed to making the pronouncement of our definitive sentence or our final decree in the said cause, and we do proceed in this manner which follows:

Forasmuch as we know and clearly find by the acts enacted, set forth, alleged, propounded, proved and confessed, that the party of the said George Wrenhalle his claim set forth in a certain libel of his given and offered before us in this cause (the tenor of which libel follows and is such; In the name of God, Amen; before you, the venerable Master George Wilmesley, Bachelor of Laws, etc. the party of the honest man, George Wrenhalle, of the parish of Eccleston, against Lawrence Fynch of the same parish of Chester diocese and of your jurisdiction etc. which certain libel we hold as here read and inserted and we wish to be held as sufficiently and fully founded and equally proved and that nothing effectual has been or is  set forth, alleged, proved nor confessed on the part or behalf of the said Lawrence Fynch which could destroy or in any way weaken the claim of the said George Wrenhalle in this respect.

Therefore we, George Wilmesley, official principal aforesaid, having first called upon the name of Christ, and having and setting God himself alone before our eyes from and with the advice of the learned in the law with whom we have conferred promptly in this respect pronounce, decree and declare that the aforesaid Lawrence Fynch for such great audacity in defaming the aforesaid George Wrenhalle as is alleged in the said libel and more fully appears, to which libel we refer ourselves in that respect, should be corrected and punished according to the requirement of law by reason of the premises; and we also condemn in the lawful expenses incurred and to be incurred on the part of the said George Wrenhalle in this respect, reserving taxation […] or any other judge whomsoever competent and we do reserve it by this our definitive sentence or our final decree which we pass and publish in these writings.

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[Endorsement]

This sentence was read by the lord aforesaid on the 6^th day of the month of April in the year 1554 with the witnesses as it is recorded in the acts.

Sentence Wrenhalle against Fynch in a cause of defamation.

[in pencil in a different hand]

/1

1554

[Produced with the permission of the Chester Diocesan Board of Finance.]

Translation copyright ©2025 P J Cox All Rights Reserved

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[…] supreme, of the most illustrious Prince in Christ and our master, lord Edward the sixth, by the grace of God king of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith and on earth supreme head of the English and Irish church, appointed, sufficiently and lawfully deputed or any other judge whomsoever competent in this respect; the party of Elizabeth Smyth, otherwise Rixton, against Giles Smyth of the parish of [blank] and of Chester diocese, her husband, and Margaret Barington of the parish of Rostherne if and to the extent that she considers that she should appear and also against any other person or persons whomsoever lawfully intervening before you in judgement for the same or either of them by way of complaint and complaining to you in this behalf and by every better way, method and form of law by which, according to law, he was or is able to follow and to every effect of law which will be or is able to follow therefrom says, alleges and propounds in these writings in law in articles as follows:

1      Firstly, that the said Giles Smyth and Elizabeth Smyth, otherwise Rixton, free and equally at liberty from all matrimonial contract, well known to be in this freedom and liberty contracted together a true, unconditional and lawful marriage 16, 15 or 14 years ago by appropriate words of present consent or, at least, espousals lawfully expressing their mutual consent, and they confirmed this, thus contacted, by sexual intercourse; and he propounds jointly and severally and concerning any of these points.

2      Also, that the said Giles Smith, led, as it is believed, by an evil spirit, without the guidance or advice of his parents and friends and heedless of the health of his soul thereafter, namely about the feast of the holy apostles Phillip and James[1] 13 or 14 years now last past, notwithstanding the premises, contracted de facto illicitly and invalidly a certain pretended marriage, or in reality a semblance of a marriage, with the said Margaret Barington and he procured or rather prophaned that pretended marriage or semblance of a marriage to be solemnised in the face of the church, about the time aforesaid; and he propounds jointly and severally and concerning any of these points.

[1] This feast was celebrated on 1^st May.

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3          Also, that it was and is on the part and behalf of Elizabeth Smyth, otherwise Rixton, that this action is rightly and lawfully brought to you, lord judge aforesaid; and he propounds jointly and severally and concerning any of these points.[1]

5          Also, that all and singular the premises were and are true, public, notorious, manifest and equally famous, and public voice and fame were and are circulating regarding and concerning the same in the parish of Knutsford and Prestbury and in other places neighbouring and surrounding the same. Whereupon, due proof being made as required by law in this regard, for the making of which according to the requirements law, the party of the said Elizabeth Smyth, otherwise Rixton, offers herself ready and prepared for justice to be administered to her with effect in the premises and matters concerning them and that the aforesaid pretended marriage between the said Giles Smyth and Margaret Barington de facto contracted and solemnised, or more accurately, profaned and all and singular following therefrom by reason of the premises was and is cancelled, made void and annulled and is pronounced and declared nullified, invalidated and annulled and should not survive in law and was and should be lacking all force in law and that they, Giles Smyth and Margaret Barington in so far as they are joined together de facto will be separated and divorced and a true and lawful marriage contracted and confirmed will be pronounced and declared between the said Giles and Elizabeth Smyth, otherwise Rixton, by you and your definitive sentence or your final decree And otherwise, that what will have been of right and reason in the premises and anything whatsoever concerning them may be done, established and decreed; which the party of the oft-mentioned Elizabeth Smyth, otherwise Rixton, propounds and prays that they are done jointly and severally, not obliging himself to proving all and singular the premises, nor to the burden of superfluous proof, concerning which he protests, but so far as he will have proved in the premises thus far may he obtain in the petitions, always reserving the benefit of law in all things, humbly imploring your office lord judge aforesaid.

[1] There is a part of the manuscript missing at this point and it may be that there is another paragraph as the number of this paragraph has not survived and the next is numbered 5.

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[Endorsement]

1553, first of June

[in pencil in a different hand]

/1

[Produced with the permission of the Chester Diocesan Board of Finance.]

Translation copyright ©2025 P J Cox All Rights Reserved

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In the name of God, Amen: before you, the venerable George Wilmesley, Bachelor of Laws, of the most illustrious Prince in Christ and our master, lord Edward the sixth, by the grace of God king of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith and on earth supreme head under Christ of the English and Irish church, for deciding ecclesiastical causes within Chester diocese appointed by the right reverend father in Christ, John, by divine permission lord bishop of Chester, by the same authority lawfully deputed vicar general in spirituals and official principal of his Consistory Court or your commissary or any other judge whomsoever competent in this respect; the party of the worthy woman, Joan Carter, of the parish of Middlewich, against Randle Carter, her pretended husband, of the same parish of Chester diocese and of your jurisdiction and also against any other person whomsoever lawfully intervening before you in judgement for the same says, alleges and propounds in these writings in law jointly and severally in the manner which follows […] Randle and Joan contracted matrimony together and caused it to be solemnised in the face of the church, and have lived together as man and wife in conjugal duty for some months and years, mutually providing conjugal rights, however, Joan is not required by law to live with the aforesaid Randle or to provide conjugal rights to the same in that and because the aforesaid Randle Carter in the months of March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December, January or February in the years of our Lord 1551 and 1552 or in any of those months and years in any one of them or another, sinning against conjugal law and violating the marriage bed within the said parish of Middlewich carnally knew and knows and had and has at present an adulterous relationship with a certain Joyce Grastie and that all and singular the premises were and are true, public, notorious, flagrant and well known and public voice and fame were and are at present circulating regarding and concerning this in the said parish of Middlewich and in other parishes neighbouring the same. Whereupon due proof being made as required by law in this regard, the party of the said Joan Carter prays that right and justice may effectively be done and administered to her upon all and singular the premises and that by occasion and reason of the premises she, Joan, will be divorced, separated and absolved from bed and board and also from cohabitation and mutual rights and conjugal duties with the said Randle Carter, and they, will be decreed, pronounced and declared as thus separated and absolved by you and passing your definitive sentence or your final decree in that respect, distinguished judge aforesaid. And otherwise, that what will have been of right and reason in the premises and anything concerning them may be done, established and decreed. The party of the said Joan Carter propounds the premises and prays that they will be done jointly and severally, not binding herself to prove all and singular the premises, nor to the burden of a superfluous proof, against which she protests but so far as she shall prove in the premises so much may she obtain of the petitions always reserving the benefit of law in all things, humbly imploring your office in the premises, distinguished judge aforesaid.

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[Endorsement]

Libel of Joan Carter against Randle Carter in a cause of divorce.

[Written the other way up.]

Answer of Randle Carter […] he says that they were married in Middlewich church […] years ago and lived together for 7 years and had 5 children and […] 13 years et cetera and about […] Joyce Grastie for the space […] and had carnal knowledge of her and as it is […]

[in pencil in a different hand]

/7

1552

[Produced with the permission of the Chester Diocesan Board of Finance.]

Translation copyright ©2025 P J Cox All Rights Reserved

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In the name of God, Amen: before you, venerable Master George Wilmesley, Bachelor of Laws, by the authority of the most illustrious Prince in Christ and our master, Edward the sixth, by the grace of God King of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith and on earth supreme head of the English and Irish church; by the same immutable authority vicar general in spirituals and lawfully appointed by the right reverend father in Christ, John, by divine permission bishop of Chester, official principal of his consistory to determine spiritual and ecclesiastical causes in the diocese of Chester or any other lawfully deputed competent judge; the party of the venerable Master Richard Smyth, Bachelor of Law, rector of the parish church of Bury against Arthur Caye of the parish of Bury, of the archdeaconry of Chester and of Chester diocese and of your jurisdiction, and also against any other whomsoever lawfully intervening before you in judgement for the same says, alleges and propounds in these writings in law jointly and severally and in articles as follows:

Firstly, that the said Master Richard Smyth, present rector of the parish church of Bury, is canonically instituted to the same rectory and, the same having been thus attained, with its universal and singular rights and appurtenances, he has possessed peacefully and quietly for some time just as (saving what will be written below) he thus also possesses it at present and also was and is commonly called, held, had, named and reputed openly, publicly and notoriously as perpetual rector and canonical possessor of the same rectory; and he propounds jointly and severally and concerning any of these points.

Also, that as well by law, foundation, ordinance and endowment of the same rectory of Bury  as by ancient, laudable and lawful prescribed custom, hitherto from the time and throughout time of the beginning or to the contrary of which there exists no memory of men, and often upheld in judgment in a contested cause, the right of receiving and having all and all types of tithes, both greater and lesser, personal, mixed and minute and especially tithes of offerings and the Easter roll within the bounds and limits of the parish of Bury however proceeding and arising, belonged and belongs to the said Master Richard Smyth, present rector there, and to all and singular his precursors and predecessors, and should have belonged and should also belong in future; and he propounds as before.

Also, that the said Master Richard Smyth, present rector aforesaid, and all and singular his precursors and predecessors for the time being were and are in peaceful possession, or quasi-possession, of the right of taking and having all and singular tithes proceeding and arising within the parish aforesaid and the bounds and limits and tithable places of the same rectory in the manner and form specified and recited above for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 years and before and since and also from the time and throughout the time of the beginning or to the contrary of which does not exist in the memory of man, and for the same time also peacefully and quietly took and had them and freely disposed of and with them at his own will and pleasure until the time of the trouble set out above; and he propounds as before.

Also, that the said Arthur Cay recently caused to be built, erected and constructed newly a certain new dwelling house on his tenement called ‘Cobholes’ in a certain field or close called ‘Creye’ otherwise ‘Cragh’, which house, as thus aforesaid, newly built, erected and constructed in the aforesaid field or close called ‘Cray’ otherwise ‘Cragh’ is situated and lies within the limits, neighbourhood, precinct and surrounds of the said parish of Bury and the tithable places of the same; and he propounds jointly and severally and concerning any of these points.

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Also, that in the said parish of Bury, concerning the custom of paying tithes, both greater and lesser, mixed, personal and minute within the bounds and limits and tithable places of the same a method and custom have grown up for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 years and before and since and also from the time and throughout the time of the beginning or to the contrary of which the memory of man does not reach such that all and singular inhabitants (called ‘householders’) within the bounds and limits of the aforesaid parish of Bury pay, or cause to be paid, to the rector or his deputy year by year, according to the most excellent royal statutes, either at the feast of Easter or at Easter time for his offerings  3d and at the same feast or time for lesser, mixed, personal or minute tithes namely ‘for offyng dayes’ 3d, ‘a house’ 1d, ‘a plough peny’, ‘a hay’ 1d, ‘a wax’ a halfpenny, and ‘a hene’ a halfpenny according to the laudable use and custom and lawful usage of the said parish used and observed from time immemorial, as will become clear and plainly appear in the outcome of this suit; and he propounds jointly and severally and concerning any of these points.

Also, that the aforesaid Arthur Cay, layman, who had or has nothing of right in the said parish church of Bury or the tithes aforesaid in any way or, indeed, to them, but in contravention of that did nor tithe, pay or satisfy any tithes belonging or appertaining and which ought to belong and appertain to the rector of the said parish by right and in the name of his rectory, either greater or lesser, personal, mixed or minute coming or arising within the bounds and limits and tithable places of the said parish in the months of March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December, January or February in the one thousand five hundred and forty fifth year of our Lord, nor in the months aforesaid in the 1546^th year of our Lord, or not even in the months of March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December, January or February in the present and current one thousand five hundred and forty seventh year of our Lord, nor in any one of those months and years whatsoever, in one or another or any other, against the will of the said venerable present rector, although bound by right he did not tithe, pay or satisfy namely ‘for offryng dayes’ 3d ‘a house peny a plough’ 1d ‘a haye’ 1d ‘a waxe’ halfpenny, and a hene’ halfpenny in the months and years aforesaid or in any of those months and years whatever, in one or another, subtracted, took and had them against the authority of the law to the grave danger of his soul, to no small prejudice and damage to the said rector and to the pernicious example of other Christian faithful; and also in addition because the said Arthur Cray takes and receives his Eucharist and other sacraments and rites in another church or parish; and he propounds jointly and severally and concerning any of these points.

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Also, that the true value or valuation of these tithes subtracted, taken and had by the aforesaid Arthur Cay and his men in his name in the months and years recited above, or in any of those months and years whatever, in one or another (as aforesaid), notoriously amounted to the sum or value of ten shillings; and the party of the above-mentioned venerable Richard Smyth, rector aforesaid, asserts a claim to any other intermediate sum or lesser value to the sum or value of 4d, and of such and so great a sum of what kind and amount in the common estimation of men notoriously extends by lawful proofs in the outcome of this suit will come to be declared or proved; and he propounds jointly and severally and concerning any of these points.

Also, that the said Arthur Cay, layman has been requested and asked to tithe, pay, give and deliver the tithes aforesaid by the aforesaid Master Richard Smith, present rector, or his deputy subtracted, taken and had in the manner aforesaid with the precincts of the said parish or tithable places of the same or otherwise to compound with the same in the months and years recited above, or in any one of those months and years whatsoever on the part and behalf of the aforenamed Master Richard Smith; and he propounds jointly and severally and concerning any of these points.

Also, that the said Arthur Cay, thus aforesaid asked and requested to do as in the premises or in any of them, he has not troubled but in the months and years specified above, or in any one of those months and years whatsoever, in one or another or any other (as aforesaid) he has expressly declined and refused or at least unduly delayed and delays at present, to no small prejudice and grievance of the aforesaid Master Richard Smyth, present rector; and he propounds jointly and severally and concerning any of these points.

Also, that all and singular the premises were and are true, public, notorious, manifest and well-known, and public voice and fame were circulating regarding and concerning it, just as they are at present, in the said parish of Bury and in other surrounding parishes, townships and places.

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Whereupon, due proof as is required, for the making of which according to the due requirement of law the party of the said venerable man offers himself to prove at a suitable and appropriate place and time, and in addition the same party prays that right and justice may be done and administered to him in the premises and in respect of his right, title and possession of quasi right of having and receiving the said tithes, namely ‘offryng dayes, house peny, plough peny, hay’ 1d ‘wax’ halfpenny and ‘hene’ halfpenny, and other greater, lesser, personal, mixed and minute tithes and that all other tithes coming and arising within the bounds and limits of the said parish of Bury will be adjudged, decreed and declared as his and of his rectory aforesaid in future successive times in perpetuity; and also that the aforesaid Arthur Cay and his men are rightly and canonically obliged and compelled to tithe, pay and deliver his tithes respectively aforesaid thus subtracted by him and his men without any, or any kind of, diminution, or the true value of the same, to the use of the said rector in the name of his rectory in the said parish; and also that he is condemned in the lawful expenses incurred by reason of this cause, and he protests those to be incurred, and, having been condemned, that he is rightly and canonically obliged and compelled to the real payment of the same by you passing your definitive sentence or your final decree in this respect, lord judge aforesaid; and otherwise, that what will have been of right and reason in the premises may be done, established and decreed; the plaintiff aforesaid propounds the premisses and prays that they are done jointly and severally,  not binding himself to prove all and singular the premises, nor to the burden of a superfluous proof, against which he protests but so far as he shall prove in the premises so much may he obtain of the petitions, always reserving the benefit of law in all things; in addition he prays that regarding the process in this cause it will be summarily and in a summary way, according to the requirement of law;  humbly imploring your office, distinguished judge aforesaid.

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[Endorsement] 

Libel of the venerable Master Richard Smyth, rector of Bury, against Arthur Cay in a cause of subtraction of tithes.

1547

[in pencil in a different hand]

/1

[Produced with the permission of the Chester Diocesan Board of Finance.]

Translation copyright ©2023 P J Cox All Rights Reserved